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ISSN : 1229-3857(Print)
ISSN : 2288-131X(Online)
Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology Vol.39 No.5 pp.435-443
DOI : https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2025.39.5.435

Identification of Bird Collision Hotspots and Analysis of Land-Use Characteristics in Seoul

Min-Kyung Kim2†*, Ye-in Lee3†
2Carbon Neutrality Reseach Center, Seoul Institute, 57 Nambusunhwan-ro 340-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Korea
3Dept. of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea

Abstract

This study aims to analyze bird–building collision patterns in Seoul, a highly urbanized city with dense artificial structures, and to identify collision hotspots and mitigation priority areas using spatial statistics and land cover data. A total of 2,540 wildlife rescue records logged at the Seoul Wildlife Center between 2018 and 2024 were refined and utilized for spatial analysis. Results showed that approximately 40% of all collisions were concentrated in ten dominant specie,s such as Columba livia, Hypsipetes amaurotis, and Pica pica. Notably, legally protected species such as Ninox scutulata, Otus sunia, and Falco tinnunculus exhibited high collision frequencies. These species were identified as highly vulnerable to ecological conflicts with urban structures, as their collision peaks overlapped with specific biological stages such as breeding and post-fledging periods. The application of the Getis-Ord Gi* spatial statistic, using a 300m x 300m grid, identified 532 out of 7,091 total cells (7.5%) as significant collision hotspots. In particular, high-density clusters with a 99% confidence level were concentrated around glass buildings and structures at the boundaries or discontinuities of ecological corridors, such as forests, rivers, and parks. An analysis of land cover within the hotspot grids showed the highest collision densities in educational and administrative facilities (30.23 cases/km²), public facilitie_education/ administration (15.69 cases/km²), and commercial/business districts (11.34 cases/km²). These land-use types, which are characterized by high concentrations of collision-inducing factors such as glass façades, artificial lighting, and high-rise buildings, can be prioritized for the installation of mitigation measures. By establishing a link between the quantitative spatial analysis of bird collisions and land use characteristics, this study identifies high-risk areas and provides a practical evidence base for formulating effective bird collision mitigation policies.

서울시 조류 충돌 Hotspot 도출과 토지 이용 특성 분석

김민경2†*, 이예인3†

초록

 

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