ISSN : 1229-3857(Print)
ISSN : 2288-131X(Online)
ISSN : 2288-131X(Online)
Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology Vol.39 No.6 pp.597-610
DOI : https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2025.39.6.597
DOI : https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2025.39.6.597
A Study on the Environmental and Microclimatic Characteristics for Supporting Conservation of Wind-Holes
Abstract
Wind-Hole, with their unique microclimate of cold air and ice in summer and warm air in winter, is valuable refugia for northern lineage plants and rare plants. This study examined 10 sites in Korea, analyzing site environment, hydrological influence, and microclimate. Most were on steep north- to northwest-facing lower slopes near rivers. Compared to KMA, Wind-Holes averaged 2.1-5.1 ℃ cooler and 10.6-20.5% more humid in summer, with larger summer temperature gaps. Microclimatic signatures indicated particularly pronounced wind-hole function at Bangnaeri, Hamhwasan, and Geumsusan. Findings provide baseline data for identifying, assessing, and conserving Wind-Hole as protected areas or OECM.